Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Understanding, Diagnosis, and Management of Hormonal Imbalance
What is PCOS?
PCOS is a hormonal disorder affecting 1 in 10 women of reproductive age. It's characterized by:
- Irregular menstrual cycles
- Elevated androgen levels
- Polycystic ovaries
- Insulin resistance
Common Symptoms
- •Irregular or absent periods
- •Excess facial/body hair (hirsutism)
- •Acne and oily skin
- •Weight gain and difficulty losing weight
- •Thinning scalp hair
- •Skin darkening (acanthosis nigricans)
Diagnosis Criteria
Diagnosis requires at least two of the following (Rotterdam criteria):
- Irregular or absent ovulation
- Clinical or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism
- Polycystic ovaries on ultrasound
Management & Treatment Options
Lifestyle Changes
- Balanced diet with low glycemic index foods
- Regular exercise (150 mins/week)
- Weight management
- Stress reduction techniques
Medications
- Hormonal contraceptives
- Metformin for insulin resistance
- Anti-androgen medications
- Fertility treatments (e.g., Clomiphene)
Surgical Options
- Ovarian drilling (laparoscopic)
- Bariatric surgery for severe obesity
- Fertility preservation techniques
Take Control of Your Health
PCOS management requires personalized care. Consult with a specialist to develop a treatment plan tailored to your unique needs.